Manual Compliance Fix — CR-12 to CR-15

What needs fixing

Fastest workflow

1. Open the Website database filtered to Area = Glossary and Glossary Categories = Typography

2. Add meta:title, meta:description, meta:author, and meta:pubDate as visible columns

3. Bulk-fill meta:author → Spelunker across all 64 rows

4. Bulk-fill meta:pubDate → 2026-03-21 across all 64 rows

5. For meta:title, copy each row's Name value into meta:title (they are identical)

6. For meta:description, use the reference table below — each value is the first sentence of the definition, stripped of mention links

Reference table — meta:description values

Umbrellas

• Typography — The art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable, and visually engaging.

• Type Classification — A system for grouping typefaces into categories based on shared formal characteristics — stroke contrast, serif treatment, construction method, and historical origin.

• Type Anatomy — The formal vocabulary used to describe the structural components of letterforms.

• Typesetting — The process of arranging type on a page or screen to achieve optimal legibility and readability.

• Font File Types — The digital file formats used to store and render typefaces on computers and output devices.

• Typeface — The complete design of a set of characters unified by consistent visual characteristics — including stroke weight, stress angle, serif treatment, and proportions.

• Font — In traditional typography, a complete set of metal sorts — all the characters of a single typeface in one specific size and style — cast as a unit for composition.

• Kerning — The selective adjustment of horizontal space between specific pairs of characters to achieve optically even spacing.

• Em — A typographic unit of measurement equal to the current point size of the type being set.

• Alignment — The horizontal positioning of lines of text within a column or text frame.

• Serif — A category of typefaces distinguished by small projecting strokes — called serifs — at the terminals of the main strokes of each character.

Core Concepts + History

• Glyph — The specific visual representation of a character within a particular typeface, size, and style.

• Movable Type — A printing technology in which individual characters are cast as separate reusable metal, wood, or ceramic sorts that can be composed into pages, printed, and redistributed.

• Printing Press — A mechanical device that transfers ink from a raised or incised surface onto a substrate — typically paper — by means of applied pressure.

• Illuminated Manuscript — A hand-produced text — typically on vellum or parchment — embellished with decorative initials, borders, and miniature illustrations rendered in pigment and gold or silver leaf.

Primary Classifications

• Sans Serif — A category of typefaces whose letterforms lack the projecting terminal strokes (serifs) found in serif designs.

• Slab Serif — A subcategory of serif typefaces characterized by thick, block-like serifs of uniform or near-uniform weight that project at right angles from the main strokes.

• Script — A category of typefaces that emulate the fluid, connected strokes of handwriting or calligraphy.

• Calligraphic — A typeface style modeled on formal calligraphic hands — typically produced with a broad-nibbed pen held at a consistent angle.

• Handwriting — A typeface category that replicates the irregular, spontaneous character of casual personal handwriting rather than formal calligraphic scripts.

• Blackletter — A category of typefaces derived from the formal manuscript hands of northern Europe from roughly the twelfth to the seventeenth century.

Classification Subgroups + Roman

• Display/Decorative — A broad classification encompassing typefaces designed primarily for use at large sizes in headlines, posters, signage, and branding rather than in continuous body text.

• Old Style — The earliest major subdivision of serif typefaces, originating with the Venetian printers of the late fifteenth century and refined by French punchcutters such as Claude Garamond in the sixteenth.

• Transitional — A subdivision of serif typefaces that emerged in the mid-eighteenth century as a bridge between Old Style and Modern Serif designs.

• Modern Serif — A subdivision of serif typefaces that reached its definitive form in the late eighteenth century through the work of Giambattista Bodoni and Firmin Didot.

• Grotesque — The earliest subgroup of sans serif typefaces, originating in the early nineteenth century.

• Neo-Grotesque — A refinement of the earlier Grotesque sans serifs, developed in the mid-twentieth century to eliminate the idiosyncrasies and irregularities of the original grotesques.

• Humanist Sans Serif — A subgroup of sans serif typefaces whose proportions, stroke modulation, and overall rhythm are derived from the forms of Renaissance humanist handwriting and early roman typefaces.

• Geometric — A subgroup of sans serif typefaces constructed from elementary geometric shapes — the circle, the rectangle, and the straight line.

• Roman — The standard upright style of a Latin-script typeface, serving as the default reading weight within a type family.

• Baseline — The invisible horizontal line on which the main body of lowercase and uppercase letters sits.

Type Anatomy

• X-Height — The vertical distance from the baseline to the flat top of lowercase letters without ascenders — typically measured on the letter x.

• Cap Height — The vertical distance from the baseline to the flat top of uppercase letters such as H, I, and E.

• Ascender — The portion of a lowercase letter that rises above the x-height.

• Descender — The portion of a lowercase letter that extends below the baseline.

• Counter — The enclosed or partially enclosed negative space within a letterform.

• Bowl — The curved stroke that encloses or partially encloses a counter in a letterform.

• Stem — The primary vertical or near-vertical stroke that forms the structural backbone of a letterform.

• Stroke — Any single continuous line — straight or curved — that constitutes part of a letterform's visible structure.

• Serif (Anatomy) — A small, usually perpendicular finishing stroke attached to the end of a main stroke in a letterform.

• Terminal — The endpoint of any stroke that does not conclude in a serif.

• Aperture — The degree of openness of a partially enclosed counter — the gap where an interior space opens to the exterior of the letterform.

• Axis / Stress — The implied angle of the thinnest points in a curved stroke, indicating the direction of stress within the letterform.

Type Family + File Types

• Type Family — The complete set of stylistic and weight variations designed around a single typeface.

• Weight — The relative thickness of a typeface's strokes, expressed as a named grade within the type family's range.

• Italic — A companion style within a type family in which the letterforms are not merely slanted but redesigned with a distinct, calligraphically inflected structure.

• Oblique — A slanted variant of the Roman (upright) style produced by geometrically tilting the existing letterforms rather than redrawing them with calligraphic modifications.

• Variable Font — A single font file that contains a continuous range of stylistic variations along one or more design axes.

• OpenType — A cross-platform font format jointly developed by Microsoft and Adobe that extends TrueType with support for advanced typographic features.

• TrueType — A font format developed by Apple in the late 1980s and subsequently adopted by Microsoft as the standard system font technology for Windows.

• Web Font — A font specifically licensed and formatted for delivery over the web via CSS @font-face rules.

Typesetting + Readability

• Leading — The vertical distance between successive baselines in a block of text, controlling how much white space separates lines of type.

• Tracking — The uniform adjustment of spacing across an entire range of characters in a text block.

• Measure — The width of a line of text in a column or text block, traditionally expressed in picas or ems.

• Hierarchy — The system of visual distinctions — achieved through variations in size, weight, color, spacing, style, and position — that guides the reader's eye through a composition in order of importance.

• Legibility — The ease with which individual characters and words can be distinguished and identified, determined primarily by the intrinsic design of the typeface.

• Readability — The overall comfort and efficiency with which a reader can process continuous text.

• Typographic Color — The overall density or 'grayness' of a block of text as perceived when the page is viewed from a distance or squinted at.

Remaining Terms

• Monospaced — A typeface in which every character occupies the same horizontal width, regardless of its natural form.

• Ligature — A single glyph formed by combining two or more characters that would otherwise collide or create awkward spacing when set adjacently.

• Small Caps — Uppercase letterforms drawn at approximately x-height (or slightly taller) with stroke weights optically adjusted to match the color of the surrounding lowercase text.

• Orphan & Widow — Two related typesetting defects involving isolated lines at column or page breaks.

• Optical Size — A design variation within a type family that optimizes letterforms for a specific rendering size.

• Swash — An exaggerated, decorative extension or flourish added to the entry or exit strokes of a letterform.